Plant and Fungal Physics
How Plants Fight Back: The Biomechanics of Glandular Trichomes
10:48 am – 11:00 amTrichomes, specialized hair-like structures on the surfaces of many plants, play a crucial role in defending against herbivorous insects. These structures can be categorized into two types: glandular trichomes, which produce and store toxic metabolites in their tips, and nonglandular trichomes. We explored the biomechanics of type VI glandular trichomes in cultivated tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) and a wild relative Solanum habrochaites. Using micropipette force sensors, we show the underlying mechanics of gland bursting and measure the minimal forces needed to rupture the heads of glandular trichomes. We also observed the larvae of the Western flower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis), a major pest of tomato plants, inadvertently triggering trichome rupture and accumulating glandular solvent on their bodies. This highlights an efficient and rapid plant defense mechanism against insect herbivory.