Novel Correlated Phenomena in Rhombohedral-Stacked Graphene and Beyond

One of the core mysteries of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) lies in understanding the nature of its interacting energy bands. While MATBG has shown topological phenomena, explained by topological Chern bands in momentum space, the observation of giant entropy at low temperatures has suggested a seemingly contradicting, local moments behavior. This dichotomy has led to various theoretical models, including the topological heavy fermion model and the Mott semimetal framework, each attempting to reconcile how these contrasting features emerge within the flat bands of MATBG. Until now, no tool has been capable of imaging these energy bands at low temperatures and with high enough energy and momentum resolution to resolve these puzzles. Recently, we developed the Quantum Twisting Microscope (QTM), which utilizes momentum-resolved tunneling at a twisting van der Waals interface to directly map the energy bands of quantum materials. In this talk, I will present new measurements, done with the cryogenic QTM on MATBG, revealing the shape and evolution of the interacting energy bands in this canonical quantum system.